White Dwarf

We've now learned that our Sun is a Yellow Dwarf,
and that after it burns for 10 billion years it will turn into a Red Giant.

After that Red Giant burns for 1 billion years, it will turn into a white dwarf

A White Dwarf is much smaller than a Red Giant or Yellow Dwarf, but very thick.

The big star Sirius A has a very small neighbor Sirius B that is a white dwarf.

It's measurements are:
stellar classification: A1 (white)
luminosity class: V (main sequence, or dwarf)

So we can call it an A1V star, or a white dwarf.

If you look in the picture of Sirius A, you can see a very small white dot
that is the small white dwarf Sirius B.

(from: wikipedia - white dwarf)

French - counting to seventy nine

We just learned how to count to 69 in French, let's keep going!

Seventy is a little different, because instead of a different word for seventy,
you just use the word for sixty (soixante) add ten (dix) and you get soixante-dix!
Seventy one is sixty-eleven, and so on.

70 soixante-dix - sounds like so-ay-sawnt dee /?/
71 soixante et onze - sounds like so-ay-sawnt ay ownz /?/
72 soixante-douze - sounds like so-ay-sawnt dooze /?/
73 soixante-treize - sounds like so-ay-sawnt tuh-ay-z /?/
74 soixante-quatorze - sounds like so-ay-sawnt kay tow-z /?/
75 soixante-quinze - sounds like so-ay-sawnt kay uh-nz/?/
76 soixante-seize - sounds like so-ay-sawnt sez /?/
77 soixante dix sept - sounds like so-ay-sawnt dee set /?/
78 soixante dix huit - sounds like so-ay-sawnt dee oo-ee /?/
79 soixante dix neuf - sounds like so-ay-sawnt dee nef /?/


(from: wikipedia - OIF)

Photons

We just learned about the Diode.

When you turn on a light bulb or use your flashlight, it makes things brighter.

But does light actually have parts?
Is it made up of little bits, or is it just light?

It turns out light is actually made up of something called photons.

Photons have no mass meaning they don't weigh anything like an atom does,
but they do move around and they are tiny little particles!

(from: wikipedia - photon)

Porcupine

We just learned about the Duck Billed Platypus.

Another fun animal is a Porcupine.

When you see a porcupine, it might look like a cute little animal,
but don't try to pet it unless you want to get poked!

Porcupines have quills, which look like long sharp needles that stick out from their backs.
The needles are actually made of keratin, the same as the spikes on a cat's tongue,
a turtle's shell, and rhino's horn.

The quills have little barbs on them, that are like small needles pointing the opposite way.
So when you get a porcupine quill stuck in you, it's really hard to get it out.
This helps the porcupine protect itself.


(from: wikipedia - porcupine)

What happens when a porcupine pokes itself?

The porcupines have antibiotic medicine built right into it's skin,
so even if it falls out of a tree and pokes itself with a quill, it will heal up fast!

(from: wikipedia - porcupine)

Quadriceps

Let's keep learning about the muscles in the human body!

Last time we learned about the gluteus maximus

Next up is the quadriceps.
These are the muscles on your thigh, sometimes just called quads.

You use your quads when you move your upper leg around, or when you bend your knee.

(from: wikipedia - quadriceps femoris muscles)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Sternum

Romania

Let's keep learning about the countries in Europe!

Romania is located just south of the Ukraine.

(from: wikipedia - romania)

For dinner in Romania you might have a plate of sărmăluţe cu mămăligă, which is stuffed cabbage rolls, with sauerkraut and porridge.

(from: wikipedia - romanian cuisine)

If you've ever heard the story of Dracula the Vampire it's a made up story about vampires,
but there was a real person person named Dracula (he just wasn't really a vampire).
He was a prince in a part of Romania called Transylvania.

(from: wikipedia - vlad dracula)

There is even a castle there that he used to live in, called Bran Castle.

(from: wikipedia - bran castle)

There is a wild and crazy winding road in the mountains called the Transfăgărășan.

(from: wikipedia - romania)

New Testament

We just finished learning about the last books of the Old Testament.

Let's move on to the New Testament. That is the time of Jesus.

The New Testament has 27 different chapters (called Books),
and you can divide those up into five groups:
- The Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John)
- Books of History (Acts)
- Pauline Epistles (14 letters written by Paul)
- General Epistles (7 letters written by other people)
- Books of Prophecy (Revelation)

We'll go through each of these and what they all mean.

(from: wikipedia - new testament)