Quartodecimanism

We just learned about the Against Heresies - Iranaeus.

Another part of early Christian history is Quartodecimanism.

In the early church there were special dates like Easter, but people would argue over what the real date for when Easter was.

In the book of John, it says that Jesus was crucified on the day before Passover.

On an old calendar called the Nisan, the 15th of Nisan is Passover, so the people who followed that calendar always celebrated Easter on the 14th of Nisan.

Other people believed that Easter should always be celebrated on a Sunday, so they had Easter on the Sunday after Nisan.

Quarta Decima means 14th in Latin, so they people who celebrated Easter on the 14th were called Quartodecimans, which means something like "fourteeners".

Some of the church leaders tried to make it illegal to celebrate Easter on the 14th, but in the end people just went their separate ways and for a long time people had Easter on different days.

Even today some different groups of Christians celebrate Easter on a different day than others.


(from: wikipedia - quartodecimanism)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Clare of Assisi

Indus Valley Civilisation

We just learned about the Mokujiki Shonin.

We've learned a lot about Japanese sculpture, let's move on now and learn about Indian sculpture.

One of the oldest bunch of sculptures in India is the Indus Valley Civilisation which was a place where people lived for thousands of years.

People have discovered old sculptures from this place, like bronze pottery, ceramics, shells, jewelry, toys and games.





(from: wikipedia - indus valley civilisation)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Benjamin Franklin - Hiram Powers

Norwegian - Black, white, brown, gray

We just learned that in Norwegian, red, orange and yellow are rød, oransje, gul,
and green, blue, purple, pink are grønn, blå, lilla, rosa.

Let's learn some more colors!

black - svart - sounds like s-vah-rt

white - hvit - sounds like h-veet

brown - brun - sounds like b-d-oo-n

gray - grå - sounds like g-d-aw



(from: wikipedia - norwegian language)

Greek: μαύρο, λευκό, καφέ, γκρι

ASL: black, white, brown, gray

Italian: nero, bianco, marrone, grigio

German: schwarz, weiß, braun, grau

Spanish: negro, blanco, marrón, gris

French: noir, blanc, brun, gris

The Rocket into Planetary Space - Hermann Oberth

We just learned about the Le Prieur Rocket.

Another part of rocket history is the book The Rocket into Planetary Space by Hermann Oberth.

Oberth lived in Germany, and after reading the science fiction books by Jules Verne he loved thinking about rockets.
He became a scientist and wrote a book about launching rockets into space called "Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen" which means "The Rocket into Planetary Space".

Later on he wrote another book called "Wege zur Raumschiffahrt" which means "Ways to Spaceflight".

In 1929 there was a movie called "Frau im Mond" which means "Woman in the Moon", and the director of the movie asked Oberth to make a fake rocket to use in the movie.

When it was made, the movie had the most real looking rocket ever made on film, with a multiple stage rocket, liquid fuel and other real parts of rocket science.

Oberth later went on to work for NASA to help make rockets for space flight.


(from: wikipedia - hermann oberth)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Earthquake Swarm

Radula

We just learned about the Octopus - Three Hearts.

Another part of a cephalopod's body is the Radula.

We know that the octopus has a beak and that it uses the beak to bite it's food.
After the food gets into its mouth, there are tiny little teeth called the radula that help grind up the food.
It's almost like the octopus has a tongue with spikes on it that it rubs against the food to break it up into tiny pieces.


(from: wikipedia - radula)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Frog Teeth

Masticatory Mucosa

We just learned about the Oral Mucosa.

Another part of the skin in the mouth is the Masticatory Mucosa.

This is the part of the wet mouth skin called gingiva that is on the roof of the mouth, and the top of the tongue.
The skin on these parts of the mouth is called keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
That is a lot of big words that mean flattened skin with a lot of layers, that isn't loose and saggy.

It is different than other skin like underneath the tongue that is very loose.


(from: wikipedia - hard palate)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Radioulnar Ligaments

Castillo de Coca

We just learned about the Alhambra.

Another famous castle is Castillo de Coca, built in 1493 in Coca, Segovia, Spain.

This castle is special because it has a type of brick work called Mudejar.

There were people living in Spain that were from another country with very different styles.
Mudejar means "allowed to stay", and it was used for people that were from another country but were allowed to stay in Spain.
While they stayed there, some of the types of castles they made back home were made in Spain just like the Castillo de Coca.

The castle has a moat and a keep, and an outside wall around the main castle.
Inside the central keep is a 82 foot tower, and walkways around the top of the walls with all sorts of defenses for the people inside to use if they were being attacked from below.





(from: wikipedia - castillo de coca)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: San Luis Potosi