French - counting to forty nine

We just learned how to count to 39 in French, let's keep going!


40 quarante - sounds like cah-uh-on-t /?/
41 quarante et un - sounds like cah-uh-on-t ay un /?/
42 quarante-deux - sounds like cah-uh-on doo /?/
43 quarante-trois - sounds like cah-uh-on twah /?/
44 quarante-quatre - sounds like cah-uh-on coo-aht /?/
45 quarante-cinq - sounds like cah-uh-on sah /?/
46 quarante-six - sounds like cah-uh-on see /?/
47 quarante-sept - sounds like cah-uh-on set /?/
48 quarante-huit - sounds like cah-uh-on soo-ee /?/
49 quarante-neuf - sounds like cah-uh-ont nef /?/

Anode and Cathode

We just learned that an electrode is pretty much just a wire
that has electricity going through it.

If you look closely on a battery, you should see a plus (+) and minus (-) sign.
This is for the positive (+) and negative (-) parts of the battery.

When you hook a wire up to both ends of the battery, that wire is an electrode.

The wire touching the negative (-) part of the battery is called the anode,
and the wire touching the positive (+) part of the battery is called the cathode.

Those words really just mean which way the electricity is flowing.


(from: wikipedia - rechargable battery)

Electrons are negatively charged, and the electrical current
flows from the negative (-) anode to the positive (+) cathode.

Armadillo

We just learned a little about the Manatee.

Armadillos are tough little armored animals!

The name armadillo is Spanish for little armored one.
Their armor is made up of bone, covered up in scutes,
like the scutes on a turtle shell.


(from: wikipedia - armadillo)

Some armadillos can roll up in a ball to protect themselves.

(from: wikipedia - southern three banded armadillo)

Armadillos come in all shapes and sizes, from the pink fairy armadillo
which could fit in the palm of your hand:

(from: wikipedia - pink fairy armadillo)

To the giant armadillo, which is the size of a pig!

(from: wikipedia - giant armadillo)

Another interesting thing is that when the nine-banded armadillo has babies,
it always has identical quadruplets!

Four baby armadillos that are exactly the same, every time!

Latissimus Dorsi

Let's keep learning about the muscles in the human body!

Last time we learned about the trapezius

Next up is the latissimus dorsi.

These muscles are sometimes just called lats.

You use your lats when you pull your arms down from the sky like doing a chinup,
when you pull your arms toward your body like opening a door,
and when you pull your arms up from the ground like picking something up.

(from: wikipedia - latissimus dorsi)

Finland

We just learned about the country of Denmark

Finland is a country in Northern Europe, right between to Sweden and Russia on the other side.


(from: wikipedia - finland)

Linus Torvalds is a famous computer genius from Finland

(from: wikipedia - culture of finland)

Finland people love to sit in really hot small houses called saunas
(from: wikipedia - culture of finland)

Suomenlinna is a castle fortress in the sea that is built across six islands
(from: wikipedia - suomenlinna)

Daniel

We've now learned about God's prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel
who all warned of the coming exile and conquer from the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar.

During the exile, God chose another prophet named Daniel.

God gave Daniel the ability to understand people's dreams,
and the kings of Babylon liked Daniel because he helped them understand their dreams.

Daniel stayed faithful to God, even when it was against the law for him to do it.
Even though the kings liked Daniel, there were some people that did not like him,
and they got Daniel in trouble for praying to God when it was against the law.

They threw Daniel into a big pit filled with hungry lions, called the lion's den!
But God protected Daniel, and the lions did not eat him.

The king saw how powerful God was and how faithful Daniel was,
and he told the whole kingdom that they should worship God!


(from: wikipedia - prophet daniel (michelangelo))

Luminosity Class

We just learned that when scientists want to measure how hot a star is,
they use something called stellar classification.

When they want to measure how bright a star is,
they use something called absolute magnitude.

Looking at both a star's temperature (heat) and it's luminosity (brightness),
scientists also come up with something called luminosity class or spectral classification.

Luminosity classes are named with both a number (roman numerals like you might see on a fancy clock)
and also a name, like a supergiant or subdwarf.

The luminosity classes from biggest to smallest are:
0 - hypergiants
I - supergiants
II - bright giants
III - normal giants
IV - subgiants
V - main-sequence stars (dwarfs)
VI - subdwarfs
VII - white dwarfs


(from: wikimedia - hertzsprung-russel diagram)