Paris Manuscripts - Leonardo da Vinci

We just learned about Leonardo da Vinci's Codex Arundel.

Another famous book of inventions that Leonardo wrote was called the Paris Manuscripts.

These were writings of his thoughts on science and inventions he dreamed up between the years of 1488 and 1505.
They are called the Paris Manuscripts because after Leonardo died these writings were all collected and stored in a museum in Paris.

The Paris Manuscripts have over 2,500 pages of Leonardo's writings.
He wrote about helicopters, submarines, geometry, botany, engineering, physics, painting, water, flight, and astronomy.

One of the most famous of his drawings was of a design for a helicopter he called the Aerial Screw.



(from: wikipedia - leonardo's aerial screw)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: National Shrine of the Little Flower - Chambellan

Swahili - Counting to One Hundred

We counted to 99 in Swahili, let's keep going!

100 mia moja - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah 文A

101 mia moja na moja - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah moh-jah 文A

102 mia moja na mbili - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah m-bee-lee 文A

103 mia moja na tatu - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah tah-too 文A

104 mia moja na nne - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah n-nay 文A

105 mia moja na tano - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah tah-noh 文A

106 mia moja na sita - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah see-tah 文A

107 mia moja na saba - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah sah-bah 文A

108 mia moja na nane - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah nah-nay 文A

109 mia moja na tisa - sounds like mee-ah moh-jah nah tee-sah 文A



(from: wikipedia - swahili language)

Russian: Сто (Sto), Сто один (Sto odin), Сто два (Sto dva), Сто три (Sto tri), Сто четыре (Sto chetyre), Сто пять (Sto pyat'), Сто шесть (Sto shest'), Сто семь (Sto sem'), Сто восемь (Sto vosem'), Сто девять (Sto devyat')

Norwegian: ett hundre, ett hundre og en, ett hundre og to, ett hundre og tre, ett hundre og fire, ett hundre og fam, ett hundre og seks, ett hundre og syv, ett hundre og åtte, ett hundre og ni

Greek: εκατό (ekató), εκατόν ένα (ekatón éna), εκατόν δύο (ekatón dýo), εκατόν τρεις (ekatón treis), εκατόν τέσσερις (ekatón tésseris), εκατόν πέντε (ekatón pénte), εκατόν έξι (ekatón éxi), εκατόν επτά (ekatón eptá), εκατόν οκτώ (ekatón októ), εκατόν εννέα (ekatón ennéa)

ASL: One hundred, one hundred one, one hundred two, one hundred three, one hundred four, one hundred five, one hundred six, one hundred seven, one hundred eight, one hundred nine

Italian: cento, centodue, centotre, centoquattro, centocinque, centosei, centosette, sentotto, sentonove

German: einhundert, einhunderteins, einhundertzwei, einhundertdrei, einhundertvier, einhundertfünf, einhundertsechs, einhundertsieben, einhundertacht, einhundertneun

Spanish: ciento, ciento uno, ciento dos, ciento tres, ciento cuatro, ciento cinco, ciento seis, ciento siete, ciento ocho, ciento nueve

French: cent, cent, cent deux, cent trois, cent quatre, cent cinq, cent six, cent sept, cent huit

Tire Code

We just learned about the Tire Valve Stem.

Another part of a tire is the Tire Code.

If you look on the side of a car tire, you will see some letters and numbers printed on it.
These are there to help tell you what kind of tire you have, and also helpful things like how much air you should put into it.

Most tires use something called the "ISO Metric tire code" which has rules for what letters and numbers go in what order.

This code has these rules:

Use: One letter to tell how the tire will be used, like "P" for Passenger car, or T for a Temporary spare tire.
Width: Numbers for the width of the tire in millimiters.
/ in between the numbers
Height: Numbers for how tall the rubber part of the tire is. This is also called aspect ratio or profile.
Type of tire: One letter tells the type of tire, like R for a radial tire.
Rim width: The diameter of the metal rim that the tire is wrapped around.
Load: A code that tells how much weight the tire can take.
Speed ratimg: A code that tells how fast a tire can go.

So if a tire code says: P215/65R15 95H
That means it is a Passenger car, 215 milimeters wide, 65 millimeters profile height, Radial tire, 15 inch rims.
If you look up the 95H code, that means it can handle 1,520 pounds and go 130 miles per hour.


(from: wikipedia - tire code)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Smokebox

Black-Capped Squirrel Monkey

We just learned about the Tufted Capuchin.

Another type of new world monkey is the Black-Capped Squirrel Monkey.

They can grow to be about 2 pounds, and about one foot long.
Their fur is mostly grey on the outside, their bellies are white, and their head is black with white around their eyes.

For food these monkeys eat mostly fruit, nuts and some bugs.
They live up in the trees, and can leap from one tree to another tree over 6 feet away.



(from: wikipedia - black-capped squirrel monkey)



Squirrel Monkey Business | Amazon Underworld - Nat Geo WILD


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: African Wildcat

Eardrum

We just learned about the Vestibule of the Ear.

Another part of the ear is the Eardrum also called the tympanic membrane or myringa.

This is a thin piece of skin and tissue that works almost like a drum.
When sound comes into the ear, the eardrum vibrates.
There are nerves connected to the eardrum, so when it moves it sends signals to the brain telling it that the ear is hearing sounds.


(from: wikipedia - eardrum)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Blood Cell

East Timor

We just learned about the country of Tajikistan

Let's learn a little about the country of East Timor, also called the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste!

This is a small country in Asia, that is just on the eastern half of the island of Timor.
The other half of the island is part of the country of Indonesia.

It is about 6,000 square miles, and has a little over 1 million people living there.
People in this country speak either Portuguese, Tetuma or English.


(from: wikipedia - east timor)

The flag of East Timor has a red background, with a yellow triangle covered by a black triangle, and a white star.
The yellow is for the country's history, the black is for truth, the red is for freedom, and the star is for peace.


(from: wikipedia - flag of east timor)

To eat in East Timor you might have bibinka, which is a kind of coconut cake.


(from: wikipedia - bibingka)

Visiting East Timor you might go see the statue Cristo Rei of Dili, which means Christ the King of Dili.
It is an 88 foot tall sculpture of Jesus standing on a globe, on top of a hill.
Below the statue is a small church, and behind the statue is a beach called Jesus' Backside Beach.




(from: wikipedia - cristo rei of dili)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Valley Glacier

Silent Night

We just learned about the Lift High the Cross, by Joseph Mohr and Franz Xaver Gruber in 1818 in Austria.

One of the most famous Christmas songs is Silent Night.

The German name for this song is "Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht".
Mohr had written the song as a poem, and wanted Gruber to write the music to go with it for a Christmas church service.
A river had flooded the church and the organ didn't work anymore, so Gruber wrote music for the guitar.
It was later written in English in 1859 in New York City.

One time on a Christmas Eve in 1914 when British and German soldiers were at war, both sides stop fighting for one night and sang Silent Night in English or Stille Nacht in German, and went out to meet each other on the battlefield in peace.
It was called the Christmas Truce of 1914.


(from: wikipedia - silent night)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Divine Comedy - Purgatorio