Another part of the ear is the Semicircular Canals.
On the outside of the inner ear are three tubes that go out like circles and then come back to the ear.
These are part of the bony labryinth, and they are what help the body tell which direction the head is moving.
Inside these tubes is some liquid, and at the opening of the tubes are some very tiny hairs.
When you move your head around, the liquid bumps into the hairs, which send signals to the brain telling it that you are moving.
The three semicircular canal tubes go in three different directions so that they can tell whether you are tilting your head, moving up or down, or side to side.
Let's learn a little about the country of United Arab Emirates, also called Emirates or UAE!
This is a small country in the middle east, bordering Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the Persian Gulf.
It is about 32,000 square miles, and has about 10 million people living there.
People in UAE speak Arabic.
The flag for the United Arab Emirates is has a red stripe on the left, and then sideways stripes of green, white and red.
The red is for courage, bravery, hardiness, strength, and unity.
The white is for cleanliness, honesty, peace, and purity.
The green is for prosperity, hope, joy, love, and optimism.
The black is for winning battles and strength of mind.
To eat in UAE you might have maqluba, which is cooked meat, rice and vegetables, cooked in a pot and then flipped upside down when served.
The name maquluba means "upside down".
Visiting UAE you might go to Dubai to see the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world at about half a mile high.
(from: wikipedia - burj khalifa)
In Abu Dhabi there is some man made land in the shape of a palm tree, called the Palm Jumeirah.
Also in Abu Dhabi is the fastest roller coaster in the world at 149 miles per hour, at the Formula Rossa at the Ferrari World park.
(from: wikipedia - palm jumeirah)
(from: wikipedia - formula rossa)
Another famous Christmas song is We Three Kings, also called Three Kings of Orient, or The Quest of the Magi.
It was written in 1857 in New York by John Henry Hopkins Jr.
Hopkins was working as a church leader in Pennsylvania, and wrote the song for a Christmas pageant, based on the story in the book of Matthew chapter 2.
In the pageant he had each wise man sing one verse, and then all three would sing the final verse.
The Bible doesn't actually say there were three kings, it just says there were three gifts: gold, frankincense and myrrh.
It also doesn't say who the kings were, but later on in church history people think the wise men were named Gaspard, Melchior and Balthazar.
After the pageant it was just a song that his family and friends would sing together at Christmas time, but they all liked it so much he later decided to have it printed in a book of carols in 1916.
It then became famous all over the world, and was one of the first famous Christmas songs that was created in America.
Lyrics:
[Sung by All] We Three Kings of Orient are, Bearing gifts we traverse afar, Field and fountain, Moor and mountain, Following yonder Star.
CHORUS: O Star of Wonder, Star of Night, Star with Royal Beauty bright, Westward leading, Still proceeding, Guide us to Thy perfect Light.
[Sung by Gaspard] Born a King on Bethlehem plain, Gold I bring to crown Him again, King for ever, Ceasing never Over us all to reign.
[CHORUS]
[Sung by Melchior] Frankincense to offer have I, Incense owns a Deity nigh: Prayer and praising All men raising, Worship Him God on High.
[CHORUS]
[Sung by Balthazar] Myrrh is mine; its bitter perfume Breathes a life of gathering gloom; Sorrowing, sighing, Bleeding, dying, Sealed in the stone-cold tomb.
[CHORUS]
[Sung by All] Glorious now behold Him arise, King, and God, and Sacrifice; Heav’n sings Hallelujah: Hallelujah the earth replies.
[CHORUS]
We just learned about Leonardo da Vinci's Codex Arundel.
Another famous book of inventions that Leonardo wrote was called the Paris Manuscripts.
These were writings of his thoughts on science and inventions he dreamed up between the years of 1488 and 1505.
They are called the Paris Manuscripts because after Leonardo died these writings were all collected and stored in a museum in Paris.
The Paris Manuscripts have over 2,500 pages of Leonardo's writings.
He wrote about helicopters, submarines, geometry, botany, engineering, physics, painting, water, flight, and astronomy.
One of the most famous of his drawings was of a design for a helicopter he called the Aerial Screw.
If you look on the side of a car tire, you will see some letters and numbers printed on it.
These are there to help tell you what kind of tire you have, and also helpful things like how much air you should put into it.
Most tires use something called the "ISO Metric tire code" which has rules for what letters and numbers go in what order.
This code has these rules:
Use: One letter to tell how the tire will be used, like "P" for Passenger car, or T for a Temporary spare tire. Width: Numbers for the width of the tire in millimiters. / in between the numbers Height: Numbers for how tall the rubber part of the tire is. This is also called aspect ratio or profile. Type of tire: One letter tells the type of tire, like R for a radial tire. Rim width: The diameter of the metal rim that the tire is wrapped around. Load: A code that tells how much weight the tire can take. Speed ratimg: A code that tells how fast a tire can go.
So if a tire code says: P215/65R15 95H
That means it is a Passenger car, 215 milimeters wide, 65 millimeters profile height, Radial tire, 15 inch rims.
If you look up the 95H code, that means it can handle 1,520 pounds and go 130 miles per hour.
Another type of new world monkey is the Black-Capped Squirrel Monkey.
They can grow to be about 2 pounds, and about one foot long.
Their fur is mostly grey on the outside, their bellies are white, and their head is black with white around their eyes.
For food these monkeys eat mostly fruit, nuts and some bugs.
They live up in the trees, and can leap from one tree to another tree over 6 feet away.
