Medal of John VIII Palaeologus - Pisanello

We just learned about the Madonna and Child by Francesco Laurana.

Another famous Renaissance sculpture is the Medal of John VIII Palaeologus by Pisanello in 1439.
It is like a coin about 4 inches wide.
The picture is of the Eastern Roman Emperor John VIII Palaeologus.
The words on the coin say "John, king and emperor of the Romans, the Palaeologus"

Pisanello was also known as Antonio di Puccio Pisano or Antonio di Puccio da Cereto.
He was the first to start making medals like this of famous people like the Emperor, and this is believed to be the first one made during the Renaissance.
After he made this, many other people started making medals, but Pisanello was thought to be the best one.



(from: wikipedia - medal of john viii palaeologus)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Alexander Sarcophagus

ASL - Counting to Thirty Nine

We counted to 29 in ASL, let's keep going!

To do the sign for 30, make the hand sign for 3 with your thumb index and middle finger extended, palm facing away. Then close your fingers together all pointed forward away from you, for zero.

For 31 through 39, just do the sign for 3, and then the sign for the number 1-9.

Here is a helpful video to show how these signs are done.


ASL Numbers 30-100 in Sign Language - My Smart Hands



(from: wikipedia - american sign language)

Italian: Trenta, trentuno, trentadue, trentatré, trentaquattro, trentacinque, trentasei, trentasette, trentotto, trentanove

German: einunddreißig, zweiunddreißig, dreiunddreißig, vierunddreißig, fünfunddreißig, sechsunddreißig, siebenunddreißig, achtunddreißig, neununddreißig

Spanish: treinta y uno, treinta y dos, treinta y tres, treinta y cuatro, treinta y cinco, treinta y seis, treinta y siete, treinta y ocho, treinta y nueve

French: trente et un, trente-deux, trente-trois, trente-quatre, trente-cinq, trente-six, trente-sept, trente-huit, trente-neuf

Earthquakes

We've learned a whole lot about how to work with metal.
Everything from furnaces to get the metal from iron ore, to working with it on anvils, to using it on machines like lathes or mills.

Let's start learning a little bit about Earthquakes.
Earthquakes happen all over the world, even underwater!
There are scientific tools for predicting and measuring quakes, and there is a lot of scientific study over what makes an earthquake happen.

A scientist who studies earthquakes is called a seismologist.


(from: wikipedia - earthquake)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Ball Peen Hammer

Bumblebee Toad

We just learned about the Common Reed Frog.

Another type of frog is the Bumblebee Toad, also called the Melanophryniscus stelzneri.

This type of frog is a true toad, a member of the Bufonidae family.
They get their name because with their black and yellow colors they look like a bumblebee.
Because they are a fun looking toad, a lot of people keep them as pets.


(from: wikipedia - melanophryniscus stelzneri)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: King Cobra

Paronychium

We just learned about the Eponychium and Cuticle.

Another part of the nail is the Paronychium.

This is the skin on the left and right sides of the nail.


(from: wikipedia - nail (anatomy))


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Limbic System

Newfoundland and Labrador

We just learned about the Canadian province is New Brunswick.

Another Canadian province is Newfoundland and Labrador.
This is the province in the most north and east part of the province.

The Newfoundland part of the province gets its name from the Portuguese explorers, and the Labrador gets its name from the Portuguese explorer João Fernandes Lavrador.


(from: wikipedia - newfoundland and labrador)

The flag of this province is blue, white, red and yellow, and is shaped like the union jack flag of Great Britain.
On the left side, the blue is for the sea, and the white is for the snow and ice.
On the right side, the red white is for the struggle of the people, and the gold is for their confidence in the future.


(from: wikipedia - flag of newfoundland and labrador)

The coat of arms of this province has a caribou at the top, above a shield with the lion and unicorn for England and Scotland.
On the left and right of the shield are Beothuk people, who are the indigenous people of Newfoundland.
At the bottom is the motto Quaerite prime Regnum Dei, which is from the Bible Matthew 6:33, "Seek ye first the kingdom of God."


(from: wikipedia - coat of arms of newfoundland and labrador)

St. John's is a big city in Newfoundland, where they have the oldest annual regatta in North America.
It also has Cabot Tower, where the first wireless message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean.
And there is a row of colorful houses that is nicknamed Jelly Bean Row.


(from: wikipedia - st. john's, newfoundland and labrador)

Long ago when the Norse people came into Newfoundland, they lived in what are called Sod Houses, meaning that they lived underneath dirt houses covered in grass.


(from: wikipedia - l'anse aux meadows)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Broad Peak

Proverbs 18 - The name of the Lord

We just learned about Proverbs 17 - A Joyful Heart.

Another famous saying is from Proverbs 18.

The name of the LORD is a strong tower. The righteous run to it and are safe.
(from: wikipedia - book of proverbs)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Iota Eta

Madonna and Child - Laurana

We just learned about the sculpture of David by Donatello.

Another Renaissance art sculpture is the Madonna and Child made by Francesco Laurana in 1471 AD.

Francesco was a very famous sculptor during this time, and his style was a little different than many of the other artists at the time, including his scupltures work that changed after he moved to work in France.

(from: wikipedia - francesco laurana)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Lady in Blue

ASL - Counting to Twenty nine

We counted to 20 in ASL, let's keep going!

21 - Palm facing away from your body, index finger pointed up, thumb extended, other fingers closed. Bend the thumb a few times.

22 - Palm facing down, index and middle finger pointed away from your body, holding them a little apart. Bend them down once, then move your hand to the right and bend them down again.

23 - Palm facing away from your body, index finger, middle finger and ring finger extended, bend the middle finger a few times.

24 - Palm facing away, index finger and thumb extended, other fingers closed. Then put all four fingers up and close the thumb.

25 - Palm facing away, hand open with fingers a little apart. Stick out the middle finger and bend it a few times.

26 - Palm facing away, index finger and thumb extended, other fingers closed. Then put all four fingers up and touch the thumb to the pinky.

27 - Palm facing away, index finger and thumb extended, other fingers closed. Then put all four fingers up and touch the thumb to the ring finger.

28 - Palm facing away, index finger and thumb extended, other fingers closed. Then put all four fingers up and touch the thumb to the middle finger.

29 - Palm facing away, index finger and thumb extended, other fingers closed. Then put all four fingers up and touch the thumb to the index finger.


Here is a helpful video to show how these signs are done.


Numbers 1 to 30 | ASL - American Sign Language - ASL THAT



(from: wikipedia - american sign language)

Italian: ventuno, ventidue, ventitré, ventiquattro, venticinque, ventisei, ventisette, ventotto, ventinove

German: einundzwanzig, zweiundzwanzig, dreiundzwanzig, vierundzwanzig, fünfundzwanzig, sechsundzwanzig, siebenundzwanzig, achtundzwanzig, neunundzwanzig

Spanish: veintiún, veintidós, veintitrés, veinticuatro, veinticinco, veintiséis, veintisiete, veintiocho, veintinueve

French: vingt et un, vingt-deux, vingt-trois, vingt-quatre, vingt-cinc, vingt-six, vingt-sept, vingt-huit, vingt-neuf

Numerical Control - CNC

We just learned about Plasma Cutting.

Another tool for working with metal is CNC - Computer Numerical Control.

All of the different types of metal work that we've learned about like lathes, mills, drills and grinders can be controlled by a computer so that they can do the same work over and over, thousands of times without any mistakes.

The numerical control means that the computer is given numbers that tell it what parts to cut and how to cut them.


(from: wikipedia - numerical control)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Pritchel Hole

Common Reed Frog

We just learned about the Pacman Frog.

Another type of frog is the Common Reed Frog, also known as Hyperolius viridiflavus.

This type of frog has very bright colors, and lives in the western part of the African continent.

One interesting thing about this frog is that it can change between a boy and a girl frog, depending on if there are not enough other boy or girl frogs around.


(from: wikipedia - common reed frog)


(from: wikipedia - common reed frog)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Jamaican Boa

Eponychium and Cuticle

We just learned about the Lunula.

Another two parts of the nail are the eponychium and cuticle.

The cuticle is the part of the skin right above the beginning of the nail or the lunula.
The skin on the cuticle is dead, and is sometimes removed when someone gets their nails done for a manicure.

The eponychium is the living part of the skin that is right before the cuticle, and it is where the cuticle grows from.


(from: wikipedia - eponychium)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Midbrain

New Brunswick

We just learned about the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

Another Canadian Province is New Brunswick.
It is on the east coast of Canada, right by Nova Scotia.


(from: wikipedia - new brunswick)

The flag of New Brunswick has a gold lion on a red background, above a picture of a viking ship with a yellow background, sailing on blue and white striped water.

(from: wikipedia - flag of new brunswick)

The coat of arms of New Brunswick has a leaping fish called a salmon, sitting on a golden helmet with maple leaves and St. Edward's crown. These are all pictures meaning royalty.
Below that is a shield with the flag of New Brunswick on it.
Under the shield are purple violets, and a fern called the fiddlehead.
Next to the shield are white tailed deer wearing collars made of beads from the Maliseet native people, and they have badges for both the United Kingdom and France.

The motto at the bottom is "Spem reduxit" which means "It has restored hope".


(from: wikipedia - coat of arms of new brunswick)

There is a small island in New Brunswick called Miscou Island that has a three story light house, built in 1856.

(from: wikipedia - miscou island lighthouse)

One group of French settlers in Canada are known as the Acadians.
Many Acadians were forced to leave Canada and go live in the southern part of the United States, but some Acadians still live in New Brunswick.
They have holidays to remember the Acadian people, and they wave around noisemakers called tintamarre during parades.

(from: wikipedia - tintamarre)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Gasherbrum I

Proverbs 17 - A Joyful Heart

We just learned about Proverbs 16 - Wisdom better than Gold.

Another chapter in the book of Proverbs is Proverbs 17.

This chapter gives all sorts of good advice about listening to each other, being happy, and being wise.

Better is a dry morsel with quiet than a house full of feasting with strife.
This means that it's better to be poor and not have much to eat, but have a house with family and friends that are nice to you, than to be rich and all the food you want but all of your family and friends are crazy and mean.


A joyful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones.
This means if you are happy all the time, your body will feel good.
If you are sad all the time your body will feel bad.


(from: wikipedia - book of proverbs)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Chi Ro

David - Donatello

We just learned about Leonardo's Horse.

Another famous Renaissance art sculpture is David by Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi in the early 1400s in Florence.

Donatello was a very famous sculptor, and the marble sculpture of David is the first job that he was given for an important sculpture.

There is another statue of David that Donatello made out of bronze that was also very famous, party because no one else was making standing statues of bronze at the time.

Both statues are of a young David who does not look very strong, standing above a defeated Goliath who looks very strong.
This is supposed to show that David's strength was in God, not his own body.

(from: wikipedia - david (donatello))


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Athena Parthenos

ASL - Counting to Twenty

We counted to 15 in ASL, let's keep going!

16 - Start with the sign for 6, which is your palm facing you, holding in your pinky and thumb, with your index, tall and ring fingers pointed up.
Spin your hand around, so your palm is facing away from you.
17 - Start with the sign for 7, then spin your hand around so your palm is facing away from you.
18 - Start with the sign for 8, then spin your hand around so your palm is facing away from you.
19 - Start with the sign for 9, then spin your hand around so your palm is facing away from you.
20 - Holding out your thumb and forefinger in the "G" hand shape, pinch your fingers together a few times.


Here is a helpful video to show how these signs are done.


ASL Numbers 11-20 in Sign Language - My Smart Hands



(from: wikipedia - american sign language)

Italian: sedici, diciassette, diciotto, diciannove, venti

German: sechzehn, siebzehn, achtzehn, neunzehn, zwanzig

Spanish: dieciséis, diecisiete, dieciocho, diecinueve, veinte

French: seize, dix-sept, dix-huit, dix-neuf, vingt

Plasma Cutting

We just learned about the Water Jet Cutting.

Another way to cut metals is Plasma Cutting using a Plasma Torch.

The plasma torch shoots a fast stream of gas through a nozzle that has electricity shooting across it.
This electricity ionizes the gas, meaning that it gets the tiny electrons in the gas all super excited and the gas gets super hot!

These plasma torches are super fast at cutting metals and other materials.


(from: wikipedia - plasma torch)



(from: wikipedia - plasma cutting)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Anvil - Hardy Hole

Pacman Frog

We just learned about the Central Coast Stubfoot Toad.

Another type of frog is the Pacman Frog, also called the South American horned frog or ceratophrys.

They are called pacman frogs because they have a big round shape and a big wide mouth, just like the video game pacman.



(from: wikipedia - ceratophrys)



(from: wikipedia - ceratophrys)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Black Rate Snake

Lunula

We just learned about the Nail Plate.

Another part of the nail is the Lunula which means "little moon".

This is the small white crescent shape at the base of your nail, right where it touches the skin and your nail starts.
The lunula is connected to the matrix and the plate, and is the starting point where your nail grows out from the matrix.


(from: wikipedia - lunula (anatomy))


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Forebrain

Nova Scotia

We just learned about the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.

Another Canadian province is Nova Scotia which means "New Scotland".

This is an island province on the east coast of Canada, right on the ocean.


(from: wikipedia - nova scotia)

The flag of Nova Scotia is a white flag with a blue cross on it.
This is supposed to look like the flag of Scotland, which is a blue flag with a white cross on it.
In the middle of the Nova Scotia flag is a gold shield with a red lion, which is the royal arms of Scotland.

(from: wikipedia - flag of nova scotia)

The coat of arms of Nova Scotia has two hands on it that are shaking hands, one of the hands has a metal gauntlet.
Part of Nova Scotia's history was making peace with the Native Mi'Kmaq people that lived there.
By the hands are leaves from a thistle and a laurel, meaning strong defense but also peace.

The coat of arms also has the province flag, a unicorn for Scotland, and a Mi'kmaq First Nation native.
The motto is "Munit haec et altera vincit" which means "One hand defends and the other conquers"

(from: wikipedia - coat of arms of nova scotia)

Because it is an island province, fishing is one of the most important jobs there, and they are one of the largest catcher of lobsters in the world.

(from: wikipedia - halifax, nova scotia)

Cape Breton is a small island that is part of Nova Scotia.

(from: wikipedia - cape breton island)

Sable Island is nother very small island in Nova Scotia, and it is only 150 miles long!
On this island are about 500 wild horses, that just run free on the island where nobody lives.

(from: wikipedia - sable island)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Annapurna Massif

Proverbs 16 - Wisdom better than Gold

We just learned about Proverbs 4 - The Path of the Righteous.

Another famous Proverb is Proverbs 16.

This chapter goes on to tell about the value of wisdom and listening to God for instructions.

"How much better to get wisdom than gold! To get understanding is to be chosen rather than silver."


(from: wikipedia - book of proverbs)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Staurogram

Leonardo's Horse

We just learned about the Equestrian Statue of Bartolomeo.

Another famous Renaissance sculpture is Leonardo's Horse in Milan in 1482.
Leonardo Da Vinci was working on a large sculpture of a horse, and he built a model out of clay but it was destroyed in a war before it could be made into a metal statue.

His notes and drawings for how to make the horse were saved, so a few people have made real copies of the sculpture.


(from: wikipedia - leonardo's horse)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Poseidon of Melos

ASL - Fifteen

We counted to 10 in ASL, now let's learn some bigger numbers!

To make the number 12-15 in ASL, you do the same hand shapes you did for 1-5, but your hand is turned around so your palm is facing you, and you move your fingers by bending them a little.

11 - Palm facing you, index finger pointing up, then bend your finger once or twice.
12 - Palm facing you, index and tall finger pointing up, then bend your fingers once or twice.
13 - Palm facing you, index and tall fingers pointing up and thumb out, then bend your index and tall fingers once or twice.
14 - Palm facing you, thumb held in and the other 4 fingers pointing up, bend your fingers once or twice.
15 - Palm facing you, open hand all fingers up, then bend your fingers once or twice, but not your thumb.

Here is a helpful video to show how these signs are done.


ASL Numbers 11-20 in Sign Language | Learn how to Sign Numbers



(from: wikipedia - american sign language)

Italian: undici, dodici, tredici, quattordici, quindici

German: elf, zwölf, dreizehn, vierzehn, fünfzehn

Spanish: once, doce, trese, catorce, quince

French: onze, douze, treize, quatorze, quinze

Water jet cutting

We just learned about Electrical Discharge Machining.

Another way to work with metal is water jet cutting.

A water jet cutting tool takes water and squirts it at super high speeds at a piece of metal, and the water is going so fast that it actually cuts the metal.

The tool that makes the water go fast actually uses a jewel like a sapphire, ruby or diamond to make a really small hole for the water to go through.
Water jets can be used to cut anything from glass, to rubber to wood or metal.

Sometimes if the water needs to cut something really hard the water gets mixed up with small pieces of hard crystals like garnet or aluminum oxide, and it gets rougher.
You can think of that like if someone mixed sand up in a squirtgun and shot it at you, it might sting more than just water in a squirtgun.


(from: wikipedia - water jet cutter)


(from: wikipedia - water jet cutter)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Anvil - Table

Central Coast stubfoot toad

We just learned about the Eastern Narrow Mouthed Toad.

Another frog is the Central Coast stubfoot toad.

This is a true toad in the family Bufonidae.
Their vocal sac that fills up with air is not like other frogs, it is very quiet so they can only make calls to other frogs in small distances.
Because of this they have to live very close to other frogs.


(from: wikipedia - atelopus franciscus)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Colorado Desert Sidwinder

Nail Plate

We just learned about the nail matrix.

Another part of the nail is the nail plate.

This is the big flat part of your nail.
When new cells are being made in the matrix, they are pushed forward to the plate, where they eventually end up at the tip of your fingernail.

(from: wikipedia - nail (anatomy))


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Diancephalon

Saskatchewan

We just learned about the Canadian province of Manitoba.

The next most populated Canadian province is Saskatchewan.

Saskatchewan is in the southern middle part of Canada, just west of Manitoba.
The name comes from an old cree name for the river, meaning "swift flowing river".
This province gets more sunshine than any other province, and has the record for the hottest temperature in all of Canada, at 113 degrees F.


(from: wikipedia - saskatchewan)

The flag of Saskatchewan has the coat of arms in the upper left, and the province flower of the western red lily in the bottom right.
The upper green half is for the forests, and the bottom gold half is for the prairie wheat fields.

(from: wikipedia - flag of saskatchewan)

The coat of arms for Saskatchewan has a lion for England, some wheat for the farms, Canada's national animal the beaver, a western red lily for the province, a white tailed deer, and a maple leaf.

The province motto is "Multis e gentibus vires" which means "from many peoples, strength"

(from: wikipedia - coat of arms of saskatchewan)

A famous Native American named Sitting Bull moved to Saskatchewan after the famous Battle of Little Bighorn, and had a family there for a while.

(from: wikipedia - sitting bull)

Hockey is the most popular sport in Saskatchewan, and many famous hockey players came from there, including Gordie Howe.

(from: wikipedia - gordie howe)

Moose Jaw is one of the largest cities in Saskatchewan, where they have a giant statue of Mac the Moose.

(from: wikipedia - mac the moose)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Nanga Parbat

Proverbs 4 - The Path of the Righteous

We just learned about Proverbs 31 - A wife of noble character.

Another good lesson from the book of Proverbs is Proverbs 4.

This chapter is advice from a father, telling his children to seek out wisdom, and to listen to the wisdom given to them by their father.

the path of the righteous is like the light of dawn, which shines brighter and brighter until full day.
The way of the wicked is like deep darkness; they do not know over what they stumble.


(from: wikipedia - book of proverbs)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Alpha and Omega