Greek - The chair is small

We just learned that in Greek to say this house is big you say Αυτό το σπίτι είναι μεγάλο (Aftó to spíti eínai megálo).

Let's learn about more things we see every day.

To say The chair is small, we say Η καρέκλα είναι μικρή (I karékla eínai mikrí)

We can break it up into four words:

The - Η (I) - sounds like EE

chair - καρέκλα (karékla) - sounds like kah-RAY-klah

is - είναι (eínai) - Sounds like EE-nay

small - μικρή (mikrí) - Sounds like mee-KREE


So all together Η καρέκλα είναι μικρή sounds like EE kah-RAY-klah EE-nay mee-KREE.


(from: wikipedia - center for the greek language)

ASL: This chair is small

Italian: La sedia è piccolo

German: Der Stuhl ist klein

Spanish: La silla es pequeña

French: La chaise est petit

Speleoseismite

We just learned about the seismite.

Another part of earthquake science is Speleoseismite.

In caves there are things called stalagmites that grow from the floor, and stalactites growing from the ceiling.
Sometimes during earthquakes these break, or sometimes cave ceilings collapse.

These broken or tilted rock growths are the speleoseismites, and they can be used to study earthquakes that happened a long time ago.


(from: wikipedia - speleoseismite)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Milling

Grimpoteuthis - Dumbo Octopus

We just learned about the Blue Ringed Octopus.

Another cephalopod is the Grimpoteuthis, also known as the "Dumbo Octopus".

This octopus has fins on the side of it's head that look almost like ears, and it flaps these fins almost like dumbo the elephant flapping its ears to fly.
They swim along the ocean floor floating along, and then they jump on their prey and swallow it whole.

(from: wikipedia - grimpoteuthis)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Mountain Chicken Frog

Superior Tibiofibular Ligaments

We just learned about the Patellar Ligament.

Another set of connective tissue is the Superior Tibiofibular Ligaments.

These are the ligaments up by the knee that connect the tibia (shin bone) to the fibula, the smaller bone in the lower leg.

There are two ligaments that tie the tops of the tibia and fibula together.
They are called the anterior (front) of the head of the fibula, and the posterior (back) of the head of the fibula.
The two bones are right next to each other, and at the top there is some connective tissue almost glueing them together.


(from: wikipedia - superior tibiofibular joint)


(from: wikipedia - posterior ligament of the head of the fibula)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Axon Terminal

Tlaxcala

We just learned about the Mexican state of Aguascalientes.

Another state in Mexico is called Tlaxcala.

Not counting the federal district of Mexico City, Tlaxcala is the smallest state in Mexico.

The name Tlaxcala is either from an ancient word that meant crag, a steep cliff face.
Or it comes from the Nahuatl word meaning "place of corn tortillas".


(from: wikipedia - tlaxcala)

The Tlaxcala coat of arms has the letters I K F with crowns on the top.
This is for the kings and queens of Spain, Doña Juana I de Catilla, King Carlos I and King Felipe II.
The yellow castle is for the Castile in Spain, and the flag has an eagle on it because King Carlos was the head of the Holy Roman empire.
The skull and crossbones are for the people who died fighting for their freedom.


(from: wikipedia - tlaxcala)

There is a volcano called Malinche in Tlaxcala.


(from: wikipedia - malinche (volcano))

There is an ancient town about 3,000 years old called Xochitecatl, with some pyramids full of carvings and sculptures.


(from: wikipedia - xochitecatl)

Another ancient town was called Cacaxtla, which had some very old paintings in the Aztec style.


(from: wikipedia - cacaxtla)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Interior System of Canada

Thaddeus

We just learned about Matthias, one of the Seventy Disciples.

Another of the seventy was Thaddeus, sometimes called Thaddeus of Edessa, Addai, Aday, Addeus, or Jude the Apostle.

Because there are a lot of stories about some people named Thaddeus or Jude, it can be hard to tell if the stories are about the same person.

Jude the Apostle was one of the twelve that followed Jesus, and also the one who wrote the book of Jude in the Bible.
There are some other stories about Thaddeus going on and spreading the Gospel to other towns.


(from: wikipedia - thaddeus of edessa)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Nathan

Bharhat Stupa

We just learned about the Kushan Maitreya.

Another work of art in Asia is the Bharhat Stupa, made around 100 BC.

The artwork for this place shows some styles that are a lot like Greek artwork, and also some marks from different types of artists in different areas.
This means the artwork was probably made over several years, with a lot of different people helping.

It was made so long ago and was almost destroyed and buried, so people had to dig it up and try to figure out who made it based on the carvings.

Most of the carvings tell the story of Buddha, a famous wise person from Asia.


(from: wikipedia - bharhut)


(from: wikipedia - bharhut)

Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Portals at Reims Cathedral

Greek - This house is big

We just learned that in Greek, we are surprised is Είναι έκπληκτοι (Eínai ékpliktoi)

Let's learn about some of the things we see every day.

To say this house is big in Greek you say Αυτό το σπίτι είναι μεγάλο (Aftó to spíti eínai megálo).

We can break it up into four words:

This (the) - Αυτό το (Aftó to) sounds like ah-f-TOH toh
In Greek you are really saying "This the" instead of just "this".

house - σπίτι (spíti) sounds like SPEE-tee

is - είναι (eínai) sounds like EE-nay

big - μεγάλο (megálo) sounds like may-GAH-loh



(from: wikipedia - center for the greek language)

ASL: This house is big

Italian: Questa casa è grande

German: Das Haus ist groß

Spanish: Esta casa es grande

French: Cette maison est grande

Seismite

We just learned about the Mercalli Intensity Scale.

Another interesting thing about earthquakes is Seismite.

This is a type of rock formed when an earthquake causes a bunch of sedimentary layered rocks to get messed up and deformed.

Sedimentary rocks usually look like a bunch of sideways lines stacked on top of each other.
Sometimes when an earthquake happens, the lines get squished around and sometimes look like bubbled up rocks.

That squished up rock is called seismite.


(from: wikipedia - seismite)

Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Lathe - Carriage

Blue Ringed Octopus

We just learned about the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid.

Another type of cephalopod is the Blue Ringed Octopus.

This type of octopus is very small, only about 4 to 8 inches wide even including its arms.
Their body is yellow, with glowing blue circles on it.

This is nature's way of warning everyone to stay back because they are very poisonous, and deadly to humans!
If they bite a person, they have a type of neurotoxin poison that attacks the nerves in the body and make it so they can't move any muscles.


(from: wikipedia - blue ringed octopus)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Purple Frog

Patellar Ligament

We just learned about the Medial and Lateral Meniscus.

Another piece of connective tissue is the Patellar Ligament.

This is the ligament that connects the kneecap to the shin bone.
The kneecap is called the patella, and the shin bone is called the tibia.


(from: wikipedia - patellar ligament)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Node of Ranvier

Aguascalientes

We just learned about the Mexico state of Quintana Roo.

Another Mexico state is Aguascalientes.

This is a state in the middle of the country.
It's name means "hot waters" because of the hot springs in the area.


(from: wikipedia - aguascalientes)

The coat of arms has the Latin words "Bona Terra, Bona Gens, Aqua Clara, Clarum Coelum", which means "Good land, good people, clear water, clear sky".

The helmet on top of the crest is for Jauan de Montoro who started the village of Aguascalientes.
Under the helmet is a blue area that shows mother Mary held up by two cherubim, next to a water fountain for the hot springs and a gold chain and lips for freedom and independence.

The bottom left has a dam and some grapes for the farming and rivers.
The bottom right has a gear and a bee, for factories and hard working people.


(from: wikipedia - aguascalientes)

The INEGI is in Aguascalientes, where the government of Mexico works to keep track of how many people are in the country, how much money the country makes, and what kind of jobs everyone has.


(from: wikipedia - national institute of statistics and geography)

There is a large statue called El Cristo Rojo in the town of San José de Gracia.
The name means "The Broken Christ", and it is a 90 foot statue of Jesus on the cross.

(from: wikipedia - el cristo rojo)

The Museo Espacio of the MECA is a giant 86 hectare area filled with museums, a library, an auditorium, and old industrial buildings and sports facilities.


(from: wikipedia - aguascalientes)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Nevadan Belt

Saint Matthias

We just learned about Cleopas, one of the Seventy Disciples.

Another of the seventy was Matthias.

After Judas betrayed Jesus, the apostles chose Matthias to replace him.
He went on to tell people about Jesus in many other countries.


(from: wikipedia - saint matthias)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: David

Kushan Maitreya

We just learned about the Vajrasana, Bodh Gaya.

Another ancient Asian sculpture is the Kushan Maitreya.

This is a sculpture of the Bodhisattva, which are people seeking enlightenment.
The statue is made in the same style as the Greek mythological characters like Zeuss.

(from: wikipedia - greco-buddhist art)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Portals at Chartres Cathedral

Greek - We are surprised

We just learned that I am happy in Greek is Είμαι χαρούμενος (eímai charoúmenos),
you are sad is Είσαι λυπημενος (Eísai lypimenos),
he is angry is Είναι θυμωμένος (Eínai thymoménos),
and they are excited is Είναι ενθουσιασμένοι (Eínai enthousiasménoi).

Let's learn how to say We are surprised.

Είναι έκπληκτοι (Eínai ékpliktoi)

We can break it up into two words:

We are - Είναι (Eínai) - Sounds like EE-nay

Surprised - έκπληκτοι (ékpliktoi) - Sounds like EH-k-plee-k-tee

So all together Είναι έκπληκτοι (Eínai ékpliktoi) sounds like EE-nay Eh-k-plee-k-tee.


(from: wikipedia - center for the greek language)

ASL: We are surprised

German: Wir sind begeistert

Spanish: Estamos sorprendido

French: Nous sommes surpris

Mercalli Intensity Scale

We just learned about the Richter Magnitude Scale.

Another measurement for earthquakes is the Mercalli Intensity Scale.

This is different than the waves going through the ground that are measured by the Richter scale.
The Mercalli scale is measuring the effects that the earthquake had on the surface and how much destruction it caused.
It was invented by the volcanologist Giuseppe Mercalli around the year 1902.


(from: wikipedia - mercalli intensity scale)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Lathe Bed

Hawaiian Bobtail Squid

We just learned about the Coconut Octopus.

Another type of cephalopod is the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid.

This squid has a special type of bacteria that lives in its body that helps it glow a little, and also helps it change colors to match other things around it.

When it wants to hide, it buries its whole body under the sand, leaving just its eyes uncovered.


(from: wikipedia - euprymna scolopes)


(from: wikipedia - euprymna scolopes)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Darwin's Frog

Medial and Lateral Meniscus

We just learned about the Knee Ligaments.

Another important connective tissue is the meniscus in the knee.

When you have more than one meniscus, it is called menisci.
The meniscus is like the rubber padding on your tibia where your fibula touches so it does not hit the other bone.

The two menisci in the knee are the medial and lateral meniscus.
Medial means closer to the middle of the body, and lateral means further from the middle of the body.
So the medial meniscus is on the inside part of your leg, and the lateral meniscus is on the outside part of your leg.

(from: wikipedia - medial meniscus)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Schwann Cell

Quintana Roo

We just learned about the Mexico State of Zacatecas.

Another Mexico State is Quintana Roo.

This state is on the eastern part of the bottom of Mexico, on what is called the Yucatan Peninsula.
It borders the Atlantic Ocean on the east, and the country of Belize on the south.


(from: wikipedia - quintana roo)

The coat of arms shows the four elements that were important to the Mayan people, Day, Night, Earth and Wind.
The day is the sun at the top, the night is the star on the middle right, the earth is the snail on the middle left in the red, and the wind is the bottom.


(from: wikipedia - quintana roo)

The city of Cancun is one of the most popular places for people to visit and enjoy the beaches.


(from: wikipedia - cancun)

Another famous beach and tourist place is Playa del Carmen


(from: wikipedia - playa del carmen)

In the city of Tulum, there are many castles and ancient ruins.


(from: wikipedia - tulum)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Sierra Madre Occidental

Cleopas

We just learned about James son of Alpheus, the first of the seventy disciples.

The second one on the list is Cleopas.

Cleopas is in the Bible as one of the disciples who met Jesus on the road after Jesus came back to life after dying on the cross.


(from: wikipedia - cleopas)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Saul

Vajrasana, Bodh Gaya

We just learned about the Bimaran Casket.

Another famous ancient art from Asia is the Vajrasana, Bodh Gaya.

Long ago there was a famous person called the Buddha who worked to try and figure out the best ways for people to live.

One famous place where he sat and meditated was saved, and sculptures were placed on and around it to remember the Buddha.

The word Vajrasana means diamond throne, and Bodh Gaya was the place where the throne was made.


(from: wikipedia - vajrasana, bodh gaya)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Pórtico da Gloria - Mateo

Greek - They are excited

We just learned that I am happy in Greek is Είμαι χαρούμενος (eímai charoúmenos),
you are sad is Είσαι λυπημενος (Eísai lypimenos),
and he is angry is Είναι θυμωμένος (Eínai thymoménos).

Let's learn how to say they are excited.

Είναι ενθουσιασμένοι (Eínai enthousiasménoi)

They are - Είναι (Eínai) - Sounds like EE-nay

Excited - ενθουσιασμένοι (enthousiasménoi) - Sounds like eh-n-thoo-zee-as-MAY-nee

So all together Είναι ενθουσιασμένοι (Eínai enthousiasménoi) sounds like EE-nay eh-n-thoo-zee-as-MAY-nee.


(from: wikipedia - center for the greek language)

ASL: They are excited

Italian: Sono eccitati

German: Sie sind aufgeregt

Spanish: Ellos estan emocionados

French: Ils sont excité

Richter Magnitude Scale

We just learned about the Seismogram.

Another part of earthquake science is the Richter Magnitude Scale.

We learned before about how seismic waves are waves of energy that move through the earth during an earthquake.

These waves are measured using seismograms, and a man named Charles Richter came up with numbered levels to use when talking about how powerful an earthquake was.

This is kind of like the Fujita scale for tornadoes, or the Saffir Simpson scale for hurricanes.

(from: wikipedia - richter magnitude scale)


Kid Facts - Blast from the past: Lathe - Tailstock